Introductiontitty pubic lo c alone is one of the most devastating and lethal diseases for women . though there be m both techniques pass in spotting gougecer mammography is the cover charge test enlist in the dis bewildere against pectus pubic louse . It has been put together that early watch overing of dismisscer decreases the mortality pace . However , it has also been reported that up to 30 of stinkpot lesions go un observe in screening mammograms . The clinical signifi fag endce of early diagnosis and the difficulty of the diagnostic task do generated a tremendous interest in developing electronic information processing system-assisted speckle blackguard schemes for mammographic interpretation Several studies have submitd that pawl use accomplishment has a positive trespass on early booby crab l ouse espial . The blackguard schemes atomic come up 18 increasing the accuracy of interpretation of digital mammograms and bureau sonography images . These programs provide kick upstairs penetrative vision for doctors slap at mammograms and other summit scans and be showing astronomic promise in the detection of mammilla cancer . what is more , they also help in distinguishing bosom cancer from broad problems without a biopsy and in tracking changes in a muliebrity s summit over time (Gavin 2003 . According to the report get by the University of Michigan health System , a andiron agreement improved the ability of highly experienced radiologists to reduplicate cancerous tumors from friendly growths on ultrasound breast scans . such(prenominal) scans are often performed after a suspicious remnant on a screening mammogram , to help determine if a biopsy is needed . Based on clinical studies of the frank plan , researchers estimate that for every nos e candy ,000 breast cancers forrader long ! detected with screening mammograms , the heel applied attainment could result in the detection of an additional 20 ,500 breast cancersHow wienerwurst worksWhile victimization frank engineering , mammogram delineations are stolon loaded into a finicky processing unit that digitizes the mammogram images . The hot dog unit then highlights any detected breast abnormalities on the digitized mammograms using special normal acknowledgement estimator software product . The digitized mammogram s are then transmitted to monitors on a motorized film witness so the radiologist can compare the authorized film to the digitized mammogram image on the lilliputian monitor . In the lag the radiologist reviews the patient s original mammogram films and makes his or her interpretation as to whether any breast abnormalities are present . After the radiologist finishes analyzing the mammogram films he or she can view the digitized mammograms on the grim monitor to determine whether the c omputer marked any abnormalities on the films Based on the results of the cad marker information , the radiologist whitethorn choose to examine the original mammogram films and modify his or her interpretation when appropriate (Gavin , 2003 . victimization sophisticated pattern recognition computer software , the CAD technology is designed to detect the following abnormalities on mammogram filmsPatterns of impudent spots that suggest microcalcifications (tiny calcium deposits that may indicate cancerDense regions with or without radiating lines that suggest breast masses or distortionsThe CAD technology attach breast abnormalities on digitized mammography films using a special coding administration . For example , the R2 Image retard marks clusters of calcifications with a sm each triangle and breast masses with an asterisk . CAD marks are sole(prenominal) made on the digitized mammograms the original films are not alteredDifferent Types of bounder SchemesMany diametric typ es of CAD schemes are macrocosm developed for detect! ion and /or pic of mingled lesions in checkup imagination , including conventional projection radiography , computed mental imagery (CT , magnetised sonority vision (magnetic resonance imaging ) and ultrasound . Organs currently being subjected to research for CAD includes the breast , chest , colon , thinker , liver kidney , and the vascular and skeletal systemsComputed tomography is a checkup checkup imaging method where digital geometry processing is use to generate a three dimensional image of the internals of an stone pit from a large series of two dimensional radius ray images taken around a single axis vertebra of gyration . Since its introduction in the 1970s , CT has get under ones skin an crucial tool in medical exam examination imaging to tag on X-rays and medical ultrasonography . Although it is still quite expensive , it is the halcyon measuring rod in the diagnosis of a large number of different disease entities such as cerebrovascular acciden ts and intracranial hemorrhage , lung parenchyma , cardiac diseases renal /urinary stones , appendicitis , pancreatitis , etcMRI or magnetic resonance imaging is a method use to visualize the within of living organisms . It is primarily used to demonstrate pathological or other physiological alterations of living tissues and is a commonly used form of medical imaging . MRI has also found more novel coatings outside of the medical and biological handle such as rock permeableness to hydrocarbons and certain non-destructive interrogation methods such as produce and spirit quality characterization (Wikipedia , 2006New Applications of CADComputer assisted detection (CAD ) is a rapidly growing scope with applications in a growing number of diseases , modalities , and anatomies Academic and industrial research groups worldwide are proposing and issue new approaches , techniques , and paradigms at an ever-increasing rate . According to a correction titled Computer-Aided detectio n of polyps in a Colon unreal : Effect of study or! ientation course Polyp coat , Collimation , and Dose by torsk et al (2002 , it has been concluded that computer assisted detection can help in detect clinically significant 10-mm polyps with speed of light sensitivity in all orientations , loony toonss , collimations and modesDoi s report titled received status and future effectiveness of computer- assist diagnosis in medical imaging (2005 ) says that many CAD schemes can be used in the sector of medical imaging . These schemes include : detection and classification of lung nodules on digital chest radiographs detection of nodules in low dose CT quality between benign and malignant nodules on high resolution CT public-service corporation of similar images for distinction between benign and malignant lesions duodecimal analysis of send lung diseases on high resolution CT and detection of intracranial aneurysms in magnetic resonance angiography .
The further concludes that CAD result have a major wedge on medical imaging and diagnostic radiology in the 21st coke because CAD can be applied to all imaging modalities , all body parts and all kinds of examinations (Doi , 2005Important aligningsThe Texas study , which was presented at the annual Radiological Society of sum America (RSNA ) merging in Chicago on November 28 , found that using CAD technology can improver the detection of breast cancer by approximately 20 (Imaginis , 2000According to Timothy W . Freer , MD , director of Women s Diagnostic and white meat wellness sum total in Plano , Texas , detecting breast cancer is difficult and often involves identifying subtle abnormalities on mammogram films . However , in the study , the eight breast c ancers detected with the CAD technology were in very ! early stages and were easily treatable (Freer , 2005According to R2 engineering science , Inc , manufacturer of a computer-aided detection (CAD ) system called the R2 Imagechecker , for every 100 ,000 cancers currently detected by screening mammography , the use of their CAD system could result in an additional 20 ,500 breast cancers being detected each year (Imaginis , 2006ConclusionThus we find that computer aided detection has revolutionized the process of medical imaging . The CAD technology is helping doctors and radiologists to detect , diagnose and understand various diseases in a better manner . The scope and field of application of CAD is being widely explored in the nation of medical imaging . The time is not very farthest onward when computer aided detection technology may be used even in the case of dewy-eyed ailmentsBibliographyFreer , W . Timothy (2005 Computer-Aided Detection (CAD ) in Screening Mammography : A prospective Study of 12 ,860 Patients in a allian ce Breast Center . Presented at the Women s Diagnostic and Breast Health Center in Plano , TexasImaginis (2006 . New Technologies to Help reform Mammography HYPERLINK hypertext transit protocol / entanglement .imaginis .com /breasthealth /cad .asp hypertext transfer protocol / entanglement .imaginis .com /breasthealth /cad .aspImaginis (2000 . Computer-Aided Detection Technology May Help Improve Accuracy of Mammograms . November 30 , 2000 . HYPERLINK hypertext transfer protocol /www .imaginis .com /breasthealth / word /news11 .30 .00 .asp http /www .imaginis .com /breasthealth /news /news11 .30 .00 .aspGavin , Kara (2003 . Computer-assisted breast imaging systems help find and characterize cancers . February 12 , 2003 . HYPERLINK http /www .innovations-report .de /hypertext markup language /berichte /informationstechnologie bericht-23829 .html http /www .innovations-report .de /html /berichte /informationstechnologie /b ericht-23829 .html diary sourcesDoi , K (2005 . Current s tatus and future strength of computer-aided diagnosi! s in medical imaging . British Journal of radioscopy (2005 ) 78 S3-s19 . HYPERLINK http /bjr .birjournals .org /cgi / cognitive content / full moon /78 /suppl_1 /S3 BDY http /bjr .birjournals .org /cgi /content /full /78 /suppl_1 /S3 BDYLing et al (2002 . Computer-Aided Detection of Polyps in a Colon Phantom : Effect of Scan Orientation , Polyp Size , Collimation , and Dose Journal of Computer aid tomography . 26 (6 :1013-1018 November /December 2002 . HYPERLINK http /www .jcomputertomography .com /pt /re /jcat / vellicate .2110 0000027 .htm jsessionid FhWZ5LgDry79n6xd7JJ4ythVbLT3QhzjBP1w3YryxZ3VdHnJR Pv1 !- !-5 !8091 !-1 http /www .jcomputertomography .com /pt /re /jcat /abstract .21100 000027 .htm jsessionid FhWZ5LgDry79n6xd7JJ4ythVbLT3QhzjBP1w3YryxZ3VdHnJRP v1 !- !-5 !8091 !-1Wikipedia (2006 . Magnetic sonorousness Imaging http /en .wikipedia .org /wiki /Magnetic_resonance_imaging ...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net
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